Dr. Randeep Guleria, former Director of AIIMS, stated on Tuesday that antibiotics are not effective in treating Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV), a respiratory illness currently on the rise in the country.

He emphasized the importance of staying hydrated and consuming nutritious food to help with recovery, as proper hydration supports the immune system's ability to fight off infections, while a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals, such as vitamin C, zinc, and antioxidants, aids in reducing inflammation, boosting energy levels, and promoting overall health, ultimately speeding up the healing process and preventing complications.

In an interview with IANS, Guleria, Chairman of the Institute of Internal Medicine, Respiratory, and Sleep Medicine at Medanta Gurugram, explained that HMPV is not a new virus. It typically causes mild illness, though it can lead to more serious complications, such as pneumonia, in infants, young children, the elderly, or those with underlying health conditions.

“HMPV is an old virus that has been around for some time. While it usually causes mild symptoms, it can cause breathing issues and hospitalization in vulnerable groups," Guleria said. He added that the infection is usually self-limiting and can be managed with symptomatic treatment, such as fever medication, maintaining hydration, and good nutrition. He also advised avoiding crowded places to prevent the spread of the virus.

The current cases have mainly affected children between the ages of 3 months and 13 years, but the virus can infect anyone since it spreads through droplets, much like influenza. Guleria emphasized that there is no specific antiviral treatment for HMPV and reiterated that antibiotics are not helpful because it is a viral infection.

He recommended symptomatic relief, such as paracetamol for fever and body aches, and antihistamines for symptoms like cough and cold. In addition, he stressed the importance of infection control, such as regular handwashing and proper cough etiquette, to limit the virus’s spread.

Dr. Guleria also highlighted the importance of vaccinating against other respiratory infections such as influenza, which can help reduce the overall burden on the immune system and prevent co-infections that could complicate recovery. He encouraged individuals, particularly those in high-risk groups such as the elderly and those with pre-existing conditions, to stay updated on their vaccinations.

While HMPV may cause mild illness in many cases, the key to preventing serious complications lies in early intervention and proper self-care. Dr. Guleria reassured the public that with appropriate care and caution, the majority of people will recover without the need for hospital treatment.

Finally, Dr. Guleria called for continued vigilance as the virus could continue to affect communities, especially during seasonal transitions when respiratory infections are more common. He emphasized that keeping good hygiene practices, avoiding overcrowded places, and seeking timely medical advice are essential steps in managing and minimizing the impact of HMPV.

Dr. Guleria also stressed the importance of staying informed about emerging health guidelines, maintaining a healthy lifestyle to support the immune system, and being cautious of potential outbreaks in local areas.

He urged individuals, particularly those in vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with pre-existing health conditions, to take extra precautions. Regular hand washing, wearing masks in high-risk settings, and practicing social distancing when necessary can significantly reduce transmission.